1. Ethical Mission & COPE Standards

The International Journal of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapeutics and Therapy is committed to upholding the highest standards of publication ethics based on the guidelines established by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME).

2. Authorship & Contributorship

Authorship credit must be grounded in substantial contributions to:

1. Conception or design of the study, or acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data;
2. Drafting the article or revising it critically for intellectual content;
3. Final approval of the version to be published;
4. Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work.

Gift, guest, or ghost authorship is strictly prohibited. Individuals who contributed technical or logistical assistance must be acknowledged separately.

3. Plagiarism & Dual Submission

IJPCTT screens all manuscripts using similarity detection systems. Manuscripts containing uncredited textual overlap, paraphrasing without citation, or duplicate submission will be rejected immediately.

4. Human & Animal Research Ethics

• Studies involving human participants must comply with the Declaration of Helsinki and be approved by an institutional ethics committee (IRB/IEC).
• Animal experiments must adhere to the ARRIVE guidelines and national animal welfare regulations.
• Clinical trials must be prospectively registered in a WHO-recognized primary registry (e.g., ClinicalTrials.gov, CTRI).

5. Handling Misconduct, Corrections, & Retractions

When ethical concerns (data falsification, image manipulation, authorship disputes) are raised, the editorial office conducts an inquiry following COPE flowcharts. When confirmed:

• Corrigenda / Errata are issued for unintentional typographical or calculation errors.
• Expressions of Concern are published while complex investigations are ongoing.
• Retractions are published for compromised findings or research misconduct with transparent notices linked to the original article.